Obesity is a complex chronic disease and a major public health challenge. The emergence of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has significantly changed its treatment landscape. Originally developed for type 2 diabetes, these medicines have demonstrated substantial weight-loss effects and additional health benefits in certain patient populations. In December 2023, Science named GLP-1-based weight-loss medicines its 2023 Breakthrough of the Year. The recognition reflects their clinical potential, while also highlighting questions about long-term treatment, safety, affordability and access. From diabetes treatment to obesity medicine GLP-1 is a naturally occurring gut hormone involved...